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André-Georges Haudricourt (January 17th, 1911 - August 20th, 1996) was a French botanist, anthropologist and linguist. == Biography == André-Georges Haudricourt grew up on his parents’ farm, in a remote area of Picardy. From his early childhood he was curious about technology, plants, and languages. After he obtained his baccalauréat in 1928, his father advised him to enter the National Institute of Agriculture (Institut national agronomique), in the hope that he would obtain a prestigious position in the administration. But at graduation (1931), Haudricourt got the worst mark of the entire year group: unlike his peers, he was not interested in promoting modern tools and technology, but in understanding traditional technology, societies, and languages. He attended lectures in geography, phonetics, ethnology, and also in genetics in Paris. Marcel Mauss obtained funding for him to go to Leningrad for one year to pursue studies in genetics with Nikolai Vavilov, whose lectures he had attended with great interest at the National Institute of Agriculture. In 1940, Haudricourt was awarded a position in the newly created Centre national de la recherche scientifique, in its Botany department, but he was disappointed by the research being done there, which relied on static classifications instead of an evolutionary approach espousing the new developments of genetics.〔Haudricourt, André-Georges, and Pascal Dibie, ''Les Pieds Sur Terre'' (Paris: Métailié, 1987), p. 73〕 During the Second World War, he read extensively in linguistics and studied Asian languages at the École nationale des langues orientales vivantes. Haudricourt decided to switch from the Botany department of CNRS to its Linguistics department in 1945. In 1947, he presented a PhD dissertation (supervised by André Martinet) about Romance languages. This nonconformist thesis was not accepted by the two reviewers, Albert Dauzat and Mario Roques; and Haudricourt was not allowed to teach at the École pratique des hautes études.〔Haudricourt and Dibie (1987), pp. 75-76〕 Instead, Haudricourt volunteered to work at the École française d'Extrême-Orient in Hanoi from 1948 to 1949. There, he was able to clarify issues in the historical phonology of Asian languages and to develop general models of language change. Within the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Haudricourt co-founded in 1976 a research centre whose goal is to investigate little-documented languages within their cultural environment, combining ethnological and linguistic work: the LACITO research centre (''Langues et Civilisations à Tradition Orale'').〔See a collection of articles (in French) edited by former LACITO members Luc BOUQUIAUX and Jacqueline M.C. THOMAS: "L'ethnolinguistique - Haudricourt et nous, ses disciples", Saint-Martin-au-Bosc: SELAF, 2013, 157 pp.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「André-Georges Haudricourt」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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